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Laplace Transforms

  • Heaviside step function
\[u(t) = \begin{cases} 1 & \text{ for } \quad t > 0,\\ 0 & \text{ for } \quad t \le 0 \end{cases}\]
\(H(s)\)\(h(t)\)\(\text{init cond}\)1
\(1/s\)\(u(t)\)-
\(1/s^2\)\(r(t) = t \cdot u(t)\)-
\(\dfrac{1}{s+a}\)\(e^{-at} \cdot u(t)\)\(A\cdot e^{-at}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{s}\cdot\dfrac{1}{s+a}\)\(\dfrac{1}{a} [1-e^{-at}] u(t)\)-
\(\dfrac{s^2}{s^2+b^2}\)--
\(\dfrac{s}{s^2+b^2}\)\(\cos bt \cdot u(t)\)-
\(\dfrac{bs}{(s+a)^2+b^2}\)--
\(\dfrac{b}{(s+a)^2+b^2}\)\(e^{-at} \sin bt \cdot u(t)\)-
  • Responses With Initial Condition

For transfer function \(H(s)\), input \(X(s)\) (usually step input \(X(s) = 1/s\)). The full response with initial condition \(A\) is

\[y(t) = F^{-1}(H(s)X(s)) + A \cdot ic(t)\]
  1. Initial condition function only depends on the denominator of the transfer function. Such function can be added to the response with appropriate coefficient, to obtain the correct initial condition. 

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